In many chemical and pharmaceutical processes, solid-liquid separation, cake washing and drying steps directly impact the effectiveness of the production operation. Further complicating these operations is the nature of the process and especially if the process is air-sensitive or toxic. This article discusses the choice of thin-cake (2-25 mm) pressure separation technology for full containment, no residual heel and their benefits to optimizing the effectiveness of the production process. For full containment, the paper then continues with a discussion of clean-in-place operations to meet current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) guidelines including riboflavin test, validations and ANSI/ISA S88 and IEC 61512-1 batch process control systems.

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